August marks two things, the return to school and the onset of the cold and flu season. Every year about 200,000 people are hospitalized in the U.S. because of the flu. Between 1990 and 1999 influenza-related deaths averaged 36,000 per year, with 90% of those occurring in the elderly. Mortality rates have increased as the average age of the population has also increased.

Flu seasons are unpredictable. Although outbreaks occur each year the timing, severity, and length of the season vary. Typically seasonal flu cases peak in the late fall through the spring. Last year saw the emergence of the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus. It is expected that H1N1 viruses will continue to spread along with seasonal influenza viruses this year.

The CDC recommends an annual flu vaccine as the most effective means of prevention. The vaccine for each year is based on research that indicates which three strains are expected to cause illness that year. This year's vaccine will protect against an H3N2 virus, an influenza B virus and the H1N1 virus that caused so much illness last year. Vaccination is recommended for everyone older than 6 months.

Flu symptoms include fever, chills, body aches and fatigue. Respiratory symptoms also often accompany the flu and include congestion, runny nose, sore throat and cough. It is often difficult to differentiate between the flu and other respiratory illnesses, including colds. Flu symptoms are often much more severe than those of a cold. Patients infected with a flu virus are contagious one day before symptoms begin and for a duration of a week or longer. Viruses are spread through direct contact or by airborne particles. Influenza often leads to a secondary pneumonia infection. Pneumonia can be a life-threatening complication of the flu. Complications of the flu are most likely in young children, the elderly and people with chronic diseases such as heart or lung diseases or diabetes. Vaccination is critical for these high-risk populations. People needing the vaccine should get it as soon as it is available.

The Total Health and Wellness Center of Taos has flu vaccine available. The cost is $25.00. Many insurance plans will cover the cost of the vaccine. You do not need a doctor's order to get the vaccine at The Total Health and Wellness Center of Taos. Call (505) 737-5810 to schedule your flu vaccination.

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